ASSOCIATION OF PLASMA LEVELS OF THE TAS2R5 ECTOPIC TASTE RECEPTOR WITH CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Abstract
Introduction. Evidence has accumulated on the role of so-called ectopic taste receptors, located outside the canonical localization, in particular to bitter taste (TAS2R), in the regulation of cellular functions in bronchial asthma (BA). The TAS2R5 receptor subtype is considered one of the dominant subtypes mediating bronchodilation. The aim of the study was to analyze the association of plasma levels of TAS2R5 taste receptor with clinical and functional characteristics of different variants of BA. Materials and methods. Eight practically healthy individuals, 39 patients with allergic BA (ABA) and 19 patients with non-allergic BA (NABA) were examined. The level of TAS2R5 expression in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay in paired samples by spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 450 nm. Results. Levels of receptors to bitter taste TAS2R5 in blood plasma in different variants of BA differ significantly. In NABA this level is significantly higher than in ABA. The factor analysis revealed 3 factors revealing, in general, a positive relationship between the components of plasma levels of TAS2R5 receptor and the components characterizing the non-allergic variant of BA. Correlation analysis revealed a negative association of plasma levels of TAS2R5 with the Tiffeneau index. Discussion. The data obtained that plasma levels of TAS2R5 receptor have a negative correlation dependence on the index characterizing bronchial obstruction in BA are comparable with the results of the study of TAS2R31 receptor. A similar negative correlation between soluble receptors (TAS2R5 and TAS2R31) and bronchial obstruction suggests that they have the same pathogenetic mechanism in bronchial asthma — binding of the ligand to the corresponding soluble receptor and preventing the availability of ligands for contact with membrane receptors. Conclusions. A negative correlation was found between TAS2R5 and an indicator that identifies bronchial obstruction in bronchial asthma (Tiffeneau index). Factor analysis revealed a positive relationship between the TAS2R5 component and components of the non-allergic variant of bronchial asthma and concomitant diabetes mellitus.
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