University therapeutic journal

Microbiota of the nasal cavity. Part 3

REVIEWS

Keywords:
nasal cavity microbiota pathogenesis allergic rhinitis chronic rhinosinusitis neurodegenerative diseases probiotic correction of nasal cavity microbiota микробиота носовой полости патогенез аллергический ринит хронический риносинусит нейродегенеративные заболевания пробиотическая коррекция микробиоты носовой полости

Abstract

This review presents the results of studies that emphasise the importance of the nasal cavity microbiota in the context of various diseases. The composition of the microbiota in the nasal cavity of patients with asthma differs significantly from healthy individuals, with changes in the microbiome being closely related to asthma activity and alterations in glycerolipid metabolism. The microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis, especially in the context of the Th2-mediated inflammatory response. Early colonisation by certain microbes may influence the risk of developing allergic reactions. The nasal microbiota may influence susceptibility to respiratory infections, including influenza and other viral diseases, by enhancing or attenuating inflammation. Pathogenic microbes in the nasal cavity can contribute to otitis media by migrating to the middle ear, causing inflammation and infection. There is a link between the nasal cavity microbiota and the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis, through mechanisms involving chronic inflammation and molecular mimicry. The use of probiotics may hold promise in the treatment of various conditions including chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis and as support in the treatment of respiratory infections by improving microbiota composition and maintaining immune balance.

Author Biographies

Anatoly I. Khavkin, Research and Clinical Institute of Childhood Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region; Belgorod State University

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Moscow state center of gastroenterology and hepatology of the Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region; Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Belgorod National Research University

Kirill M. Nikolaychuk, Novosibirsk National Research State University; N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Associate of the Laboratory of Viral Protease Inhibitors, Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Resident Neurologist of the First Year Center for Postgraduate Medical Education, Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies, Novosibirsk State University

Ksenia M. Stavriyani, Consultative and Diagnostic Polyclinic No. 2

Physician

Polina Ya. Platonova, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Maria F. Novikova, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Artem S. Tumas, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Ekaterina E. Vergunova, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Dmitry A. Lukichev, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Danil A. Sergeev, Novosibirsk National Research State University

student of the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology

Evgenia V. Krylova, Novosibirsk National Research State University; Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Cand. Sci. (Med.), gastroenterologist, pediatrician, researcher of the institute of chemical, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the SB RAS; Associate Professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Novosibirsk State University

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How to Cite
Microbiota of the nasal cavity. Part 3: REVIEWS. (2026). University Therapeutic Journal, 8(2), 68-100. https://doi.org/10.56871/
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Section
Reviews
Published
2026-07-27

How to Cite

Microbiota of the nasal cavity. Part 3: REVIEWS. (2026). University Therapeutic Journal, 8(2), 68-100. https://doi.org/10.56871/