Dyslipidemia and coronavirus contagious disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a biochemical change associated with the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidemia is recognized as a common complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly impacting the severity and mortality of patients infected with the coronavirus. Lipid profile abnormalities associated with COVID-19 are varied and have various manifestations. A link has been found between inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants and lipid profile abnormalities associated with COVID-19 infection. The aim of this brief review is to describe the altered lipid profile in patients infected with COVID-19 and to identify the relationship between dyslipidemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity in SARS-CoV-2. The methodology of this brief review is based on an analysis of recent publications on dyslipidemia in coronavirus infection. The primary literature for the review was published clinical studies and case reports examining the impact of this infection on lipid profiles. The review found that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, are the most common lipid profile changes in patients infected with coronavirus infection. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are putative pathogenetic mechanisms for dyslipidemia in COVID-19 infection. However, results on triglyceride (TG) status in COVID-19 infection have been inconclusive. Further studies may be needed to examine the lipid-mimetic status of triglycerides in patients infected with the novel coronavirus infection.
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