Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени во время беременности, возможные осложнения, неонатальные исходы и дальнейший прогноз для детей: обзор литературы
ОБЗОРЫ
Аннотация
В настоящее время неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) все чаще встречается у женщин детородного возраста. Это связано в том числе с увеличением числа молодых женщин, страдающих ожирением. Параллельно с этим возрастает и количество беременностей, которые протекают под влиянием данного заболевания. Беременность — это «стресс-тест», вызывающий значительные физиологические изменения в функции органов, которые могут предрасполагать к различным патологическим состояниям. Однако из-за мало- или бессимптомного течения ранних стадий заболевания реальная распространенность среди беременных недооценена и остается неясной. В этот важный период жизни женщины НАЖБП является одним из факторов риска развития заболеваний и осложнений со стороны как матери, так и плода. На данный момент разработаны различные индексы, основанные на лабораторных и инструментальных методах обследования, для улучшения диагностики этого состояния. Однако пока они не вошли в рутинную клиническую практику, особенно в период беременности. Кроме этого, специфическая терапия НАЖБП до сих пор не разработана, поэтому только своевременная диагностика и модификация образа жизни могут улучшить прогнозы данного заболевания. В статье представлен обзор литературы по влиянию НАЖБП на течение беременности, неонатальные исходы, а также на дальнейший прогноз для детей. На данный момент эти вопросы изучены недостаточно, что требует дальнейшей работы над этими темами, поиска новых лабораторных маркеров и инструментальных методов диагностики НАЖБП, в том числе и во время беременности.
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