Влияние бариатрической операции на течение беременности и состояние здоровья женщин с ожирением
ОБЗОРЫ
Аннотация
Хронические заболевания могут оказывать значительное влияние на течение беременности и здоровье новорожденного, выступая потенциальными факторами риска. Настоящий обзор направлен на систематизацию данных о специфике беременности у женщин с ожирением, а также у тех, кто перенес бариатрическую операцию. Результаты показывают, что женщинам с избыточным весом, планирующим беременность, рекомендуется предварительное снижение массы тела, поскольку ожирение связано с повышенным риском осложнений как для матери, так и для ребенка. Бариатрическая хирургия признана эффективным методом коррекции веса и снижения акушерских и неонатальных рисков. Однако между операцией и зачатием следует выдерживать интервал не менее одного года. Ведение беременности у таких пациенток требует участия междисциплинарной команды специалистов, обладающих компетенциями в области постбариатрического ухода. Учитывая повышенную вероятность психических нарушений, особенно депрессивных состояний, необходимо регулярное наблюдение за психоэмоциональным состоянием женщин, предоставление психологической поддержки и обучение принципам здорового образа жизни в период беременности и после родов.
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